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Prevalence and severity of injuries and illnesses among university handball players: A prospective cohort study.

Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine·May 2025·Ayaka Takegami, Sonoko Mashimo, Suguru Ichihara et al.
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Key Finding

Overuse injuries in university handball players, though less severe than traumatic injuries, caused significantly longer activity interference lasting approximately 10 days more than traumatic injuries.

What This Means For You

Researchers in Japan studied 231 university handball players over 38 weeks to understand how common injuries and illnesses are in this sport. The players completed weekly online questionnaires about their health problems throughout the study period. The findings revealed that on average, about 27% of players dealt with injuries each week, while only 2% experienced illnesses. The study identified two main types of injuries: traumatic injuries (sudden injuries from accidents or impacts) and overuse injuries (gradual injuries from repetitive stress). While traumatic injuries were more severe in the short term, overuse injuries actually kept players sidelined for longer periods—about 10 days longer on average. The most common problem areas were knee injuries from trauma and shoulder injuries from overuse. These shoulder and knee problems ranked highest for how often they occurred, how long they lasted, and their overall impact on players' ability to participate in handball. For athletes experiencing these types of overuse injuries, particularly shoulder problems, acupuncture may offer a complementary treatment option. Research has shown acupuncture can help reduce inflammation, improve circulation, and manage pain associated with sports injuries. The technique may be particularly beneficial for overuse injuries that develop gradually over time, as it addresses both pain relief and tissue healing. While this study didn't examine acupuncture specifically, the findings highlight the significant burden of overuse injuries in handball players, suggesting a need for effective treatment approaches. If you're an athlete dealing with persistent shoulder or knee pain, consider consulting with a licensed acupuncturist experienced in sports medicine.

Clinical Notes for Practitioners

This prospective cohort study followed 231 Japanese university handball players (109 male, 122 female) over 38 weeks using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Questionnaire on Health Problems. Weekly injury prevalence was 27.4% (95% CI: 25.6-29.1%) versus 2.2% (95% CI: 1.6-2.8%) for illness. Traumatic injuries demonstrated significantly higher average weekly severity scores (50.0 vs 32.0, p<0.05) and cumulative severity scores (65.0 vs 42.0, p<0.05) compared to overuse injuries. However, overuse injuries had significantly longer duration (28 days vs 10 days, p<0.05). Traumatic knee injuries and overuse shoulder injuries showed highest prevalence and cumulative severity scores. Clinical relevance: Despite lower acute severity, overuse injuries caused prolonged activity limitation in handball players. Practitioners should consider long-term management strategies for overuse shoulder and knee conditions, potentially including acupuncture protocols targeting inflammation reduction and tissue repair in these commonly affected anatomical regions.

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