Mechanistic approach and therapeutic strategies in menstrual and non-menstrual migraine.

This comprehensive review examines migraine headaches, which cause intense, typically one-sided pain along with nausea and sensitivity to light and sound. Researchers explored how migraines affect different populations and the various treatment approaches available. The study found that migraines are significantly more common in women, particularly those under age 45, likely due to hormonal influences. Women experience more severe and longer-lasting migraines compared to men, with menstrual-related migraines affecting 22% of women during nearly half of their cycles. The review identified multiple migraine triggers including stress, hormonal fluctuations, sleep disturbances, gut health issues, and dietary factors. For patients considering acupuncture, this review is encouraging as it specifically mentions acupuncture among the alternative therapies used for migraine treatment. The comprehensive approach outlined in the study suggests that effective migraine management requires personalized treatment plans that address individual triggers and symptoms. This supports the use of acupuncture as part of an integrative treatment strategy, particularly since migraines can manifest differently in each person. The review emphasizes that treatments should be tailored to fit each patient's unique needs, which aligns well with traditional acupuncture's individualized approach to care. For women experiencing menstrual migraines, understanding the hormonal connection may help in timing treatments strategically. When considering acupuncture for migraine management, patients should seek a licensed acupuncturist with experience treating headache disorders.

This review examines mechanistic and therapeutic approaches to menstrual and non-menstrual migraine, with particular focus on sex-based differences and hormonal influences. The analysis reveals significant gender disparities, with women under 45 showing higher migraine prevalence, likely due to hormonal factors that diminish after age 45. Women experience more severe, longer-duration migraines, with menstrual migraines affecting 22% of women during approximately 50% of menstrual cycles, and occurring in 7.6% of all women with migraines. The review identifies multiple pathophysiological triggers including stress, hormonal fluctuations, sleep disruption, gastrointestinal factors, and dietary components. Treatment modalities discussed include pharmacological interventions, lifestyle modifications, and complementary therapies including acupuncture. Clinical takeaway: The review supports personalized, multimodal treatment approaches that address individual migraine phenotypes and triggers, with acupuncture recognized as a viable alternative therapy option, particularly valuable for patients seeking non-pharmacological interventions or those with hormone-related migraine patterns.