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Emerging trends and research hotspots of non-invasive brain stimulation for stroke: a bibliometric and visualization study.

Frontiers in neurology·May 2025·Zhengyu Li, Xi Zhao, Siyu Xie et al.
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Key Finding

Neuroplasticity and cortical excitability emerged as the dominant research themes in non-invasive brain stimulation for stroke, with brain connectivity representing the current research frontier.

What This Means For You

Stroke is becoming more common as populations age, and many survivors experience lasting disabilities that affect their daily lives and mental health. Researchers conducted a comprehensive review of 4,453 published studies to understand the current state of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) for stroke rehabilitation. NIBS includes techniques like transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation that use magnetic fields or electrical currents to stimulate the brain without surgery. The analysis showed that the United States and China lead research in this area, with key studies published between 1985 and 2024. The most important research themes involve brain plasticity (the brain's ability to reorganize itself) and excitability (how responsive brain cells are to stimulation). Recent cutting-edge research is focusing on brain connectivity—how different regions of the brain communicate with each other after stroke. While this study doesn't directly involve acupuncture, it's worth noting that both NIBS and acupuncture share similar goals of promoting neurological recovery through stimulation. Both approaches aim to enhance the brain's natural healing abilities by influencing neural pathways. For stroke survivors exploring complementary therapies, acupuncture may offer benefits for rehabilitation alongside conventional treatments. The mechanisms may overlap with NIBS in supporting brain plasticity and functional recovery. If you're considering acupuncture for stroke recovery, consult with a licensed acupuncturist who has experience treating neurological conditions.

Clinical Notes for Practitioners

This bibliometric analysis examined 4,453 publications on non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) for stroke rehabilitation from the Web of Science Core Collection (1985-2024). Using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software, researchers analyzed publication trends, institutional contributions, and thematic clusters. The United States led in output, with Fregni F from Harvard Medical School as the most prolific author. Key research themes centered on neuroplasticity and cortical excitability, with recent emphasis on brain connectivity networks. The study identified Frontiers in Neurology as the highest-publishing journal in this domain. Clinical implications: While this study focuses on electromagnetic stimulation rather than acupuncture, the emphasis on plasticity, excitability, and connectivity parallels acupuncture's proposed mechanisms in stroke rehabilitation. Both modalities may influence neural reorganization through different stimulation pathways. This analysis provides a framework for understanding contemporary neurorehabilitation approaches that may complement traditional acupuncture protocols for post-stroke recovery.

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