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Effects of multiple acupuncture therapies on cognitive function and quality of life in stroke patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Frontiers in neurology·March 2026·Zixin Teng, Zhi Gao, Jingwei Zhu et al.
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Key Finding

Electroacupuncture ranked highest for neurological recovery (NIHSS SUCRA 95.7%), while warming needle moxibustion was optimal for disability reduction (mRS SUCRA 100%) and global cognition (MoCA 94.9%) in stroke rehabilitation.

What This Means For You

Researchers analyzed 120 studies involving nearly 16,000 stroke patients to determine which types of acupuncture work best for different aspects of recovery. They compared six different acupuncture approaches and measured improvements in neurological function, daily activities, disability levels, and cognitive abilities like memory and thinking. The study found that different acupuncture techniques excel in different areas of stroke recovery. Electroacupuncture (EA), which adds mild electrical stimulation to traditional needles, ranked first for restoring overall neurological function and showed strong results for improving daily living abilities like dressing and bathing. Warming needle moxibustion (WNM), which combines acupuncture with heat therapy, was most effective for reducing overall disability and improving comprehensive cognitive function. Standard acupuncture (SA) performed best for specific memory and cognitive improvements measured by standardized tests. For stroke survivors, these findings suggest that the type of acupuncture chosen might be tailored to specific recovery goals—whether the priority is regaining physical function, reducing disability, or improving mental sharpness. All studies included were conducted in China between 2016 and 2025, so more research is needed to confirm whether these results apply equally to patients in other countries. If you're considering acupuncture for stroke recovery, consult with a licensed acupuncturist experienced in neurological rehabilitation to determine the most appropriate approach for your individual needs.

Clinical Notes for Practitioners

This network meta-analysis examined 120 RCTs (n=15,848) comparing six acupuncture modalities for stroke rehabilitation, using SUCRA values to rank interventions across multiple outcomes. Electroacupuncture demonstrated superior efficacy for neurological recovery (NIHSS SUCRA 95.7%) and functional independence (BI SUCRA 74.8%). Warming needle moxibustion ranked highest for disability reduction (mRS SUCRA 100%) and global cognition (MoCA SUCRA 94.9%), while standard acupuncture excelled in MMSE improvement (SUCRA 86.1%). The frequentist network meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 17.0 on studies from 2016-2025. Primary outcomes included NIHSS, Barthel Index, modified Rankin Scale, MoCA, and MMSE scores. Clinical implications suggest treatment selection should align with specific rehabilitation goals—electroacupuncture for neurological deficits, warming needle moxibustion for comprehensive disability and cognition, and standard acupuncture for targeted cognitive enhancement. Major limitation: all included studies were Chinese, limiting generalizability to other populations.

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